What is environment, ecosystem

 

 Our Environment

What is environment? 

The physical and biological world where we live in is called environment.

Environment includes our physical surrounding like air or atmosphere water bodies soil and all the organisms such that plants, animal ,human beings and microorganism. 

Biodegradable waste

Those material which can be broken down into non poisonous substances in nature. 

Non biodegradable waste

Waste material which cannot be broken down into non-poisonous Rampur substance in nature are called nonbiodegradable waste example of dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane, plastic, polythene bag, synthetic fibre, glass and nuclear waste etc. 

Ecosystem

Ecosystem is a self contained unit of living thing (plants, animals and decomposers) and non living environment( soil, air and water) . 

Components of Ecosystem

1) Abiotic -Non living components

2) Biotic-Living components like plant and animal. 

Biotic components of an ecosystem includes three types of organisms

a) Prodecure organism (Autotrophs) -which synthesis their own food. eg-all green plants. 

b) Consumer(Heterotrophs) -which are dedependent on others for food. 

c) Decomposer organism(Saprotrophs) -which consumes rhe dead remains of other organism. 

Types of ecosystem

There are two types of ecosystem

1) Natural ecosystem-Natural ecosystem are terrestrial (land as well as aquatic). 

2) Artificial ecosystem-Are made by human beings. eg. Crop field, garden, park, aquarium etc. 

Consumer(Heterotrophs)-Consumers are divided into three types -herbivores, carnivores, omnivores. 

Plankton-Planktones are very minor /microscopic organisms freely floating on the surface of water in the pond, water, lake, ocean. 

It is two Type-

1) Phytoplanktones-tge microscopic aquatic plants freely floating on the surface of the water are called phytoplanktones. They are capable of producing food by the process of photosynthesis. 

2) Zoo-The microscopic aquatic animal freely floating on water surface are called Zoo Planktones. eg. Very very small fish, protozoa. 

Decomposers-Bacteria and Fungi which are incapable for producing food lives on dead and decaying plants and animals body. 

Food Chain-The squence of living organisms in a community in which one organisms consumers another organisms to transfer food energy is called food chain. 

In other words who eats whom is called a food chain. eg. Grass-->Dear--->Lion.

Food chain represent single directional transfer of energy brass producers insect is primary consumer ,frog secondary consumer whereas ,Eagle /Hawk tertiary consumer. 

Trophic Level-

The various steps in a food chain at various transfer of food energy takes place are called trophic level .In simple form property level is of reading level of the organism trophic level are of the four steps.

 Food web the interconnected food chain operating in ecosystem which is stabilized network of relationship between various species is called food web this food web start from the plant which is producer and top carnavirus eagle/Hawk there are as six food chain operating in food web.

Note:the  Sun in energy for maintaining all life of the earth. 

Transfer of energy in the food chain that three steps are involved in the transfer of energy. 

10%  per cent law

10% law was given by Raymond lindeman In 1942 according to this low only 10% of energy and bring in particular topic level of organism is available for transfer to the next higher trophic level the energy is available at each successive trophic level is 10% of previous level.

Accumulation of harmful chemical in food chain

Depletion of Ozone layer

Ozone exists in the stratosphere. Open layer is formed in the atmosphere between 15 km to 60 km

Ozone 8 higher level of atmosphere is product of UV rays radiation acting on water molecule which form O3 ozone. 

Ozone perfume and essential function of sliding the surface of Earth from UV rays radiation from the sun is Ozone Layer is very important for existence of life on the earth because it absorbs most of the harmful UV rays radiation UV rays can cause the cancer. 

Garbage management

The household waste is called garbage it can pollute the environment like toy water air and there are some important notes of waste disposal are

Recycling

Preparation of composition

Land filling

Sewage treatment

Replacement of non biodegradable waste by biodegradable.